aiexandes



Sept. 8, 1 925.

E. R. ALEXANDER APPARATUS FOR TREATING SERUM Ofiginal Filed Feb, 17,

' INVENTOR Eli/claw) ATTORNEY .tion, Serial E le, 224N335, filedDecember Reissued Sept. 8 1925s E'LLKGT ALEXANDER, D3? KAE'SAS $27333fiYElPiiBATUS ETJK ERMJEKN 214 Original-"Ho. 1,539,1(352, late-fl may26, 19535,

I); all whom it may concern:

"fBe it known that I,ELL1OT R. ALEXANDER? aeitizen of the United States,residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri,have invented ocrtaiunew and useful Improvements in Apparatus forTreating Serum; and 1 (lo LlQClfilQ the fol lowing to be a full, clear,and exact clescription oi the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it upper-- tains to make and use the some,reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures ofreference marked thereon, Which form a part of this specificstion.

This invention relates to apparatus for preparing serum inclparticularly for ti e treatment oi antiliog cholera serum in. which theserum rendered most potent for the purpose intended in on eflioieirt urlexpeditious mu'nnor, the present an;

being a division oi my O-Ul51lillllg opu It has generally been thepi'uotice to pro luce serum by procuring heulthy, immune ogs 21mlhyperimmunizing them by injceting virulent blood into their ear vein,the end of about ten (lays these hogs are bled and after the firstlGlGSi iug, the bleeding is repealed at intervals of about serum. Thiscrude blood is then. reliiieil by placing it in containers carried bypowerful centrifw gal machines lCYOiVlIllg at oruie suiiioienlz to throwdown all the blood corpusclos, bum teria and solid inert material,leaving only the clear, pure, refined serum. The um should then besterilized m5 2iv tempermure sullicient to kill all germs or haul asWell as to coagulate or solidify the soi )le fibrin. It is thensubjected to a second sen i'lfu'ging operation so as to brecipitutefibrin. leaving a clear ember colored liquid. it is then bottl d andtested further for sterility and potency. The Bureau of Animal 1nclustryof the United States now recognizes that a clear serum is very much moreconcentrated and stronger in potency than blood serum and as a result ofinvestigation, the Department of Agriculture has madeit mandatory thatblood serum, that is, serum which has not been defibrinetedymust be usedin considerably larger doses than clear serum. The potency of clearserum, bowever can be rendered quite inefficient by All eriafl 1%$153,539 1' reissue filled July 2Q, 2825. Seriil improper treatmentmethod. of deli Tlllflllli of high power cent par tion of the serum ,iunnecessarily merit i'uvoli/el phi lzainers the centr steriliuiugg it inthe con suit "that the machine stood period of: sierilizutiou In. viewfact [I mau ines speeais go "outed Gi lei? J ri. i,

must be cons? tonal see loroze in great 9 tb oeoo Aocorliiig placed inmay be re is then i )ou i the co: miner turers of the o y islzeu t snuglhost 1 trainers s thst on "re the receptacle or member is speceu fromthe outer receptacle sufficiently to prevent adhesion under highcentrifugal pressure and the Wall of he outer receptacle is sulficiently close to prevent permanent Iii" tion of the inner receptaclewhen iiie s? subjeui-ed to such high centrifugal pr" The product isagain su .cl'ecl to of ihe centrifugal ins:

cipitution of the fibrin whereupon the clear serum may be bottled, readyfor use.

According to my invent-ion, the blood serum may he introduced into thereceptacle and the receptacle sealed, it l'ieing unnecessar to open itor pour out the contents una'l ter the sterilization takes place, thisbeing an important step in advance oi known methods since the serum neednot be subjected to contamination between the time that the hog is bledand the time the finished product bottled.

The receptacle and container constitute substantially double Walledreceptacle, the inner all of which is relatively thin to permit insterilization, and the outer Wall of which is relatively thick to resistthe tendency to warp or disrupt under the action of the centrifugalforce when the mucliiiie is operating, it being importunt that the twoWalls lie close together so that therewill be no opportunity for theinner wall to bulge or otherwise distort.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that according to the methoddescribed, the liability of contamination. during the luiu-- dling oithe serum will be eliminated and it Will also be apparent that themethod may be concluded in less time than ordinarily employed for asimilar result and that the machine may he in practically continuousoperation since a. number of rccepi soles our be provided for eachcontainer so that when defibrinzrting of the serum in one set ofreceptacles has been finished, the receptacles may be removed andeuother set introduced, permitting the machine to produce thedeiibriuirtion in one set oi receptacles While. the serum in the otherset is being sterilized and since the recepteclesmey he provided withcovers, the blood contained therein waiting to be conveyed. to thecentrifuging machine will be sealed from contamination from an exteriorsource.

As illustrative of a mechanism for currying out the method, 1 have showna. known form of centrifuging machine sufiiciently modified to performthe functions intended.

In. the drawings,

Fig. 1 is side elevationel View of centrifuging machine constructed naccordance with my invention.

a detail view of one or the con taiuers, sho 'ing the receptacle orinner ii 11-- inc; ertielly withdrawn, and

Fig. is 1?. vertical, long-itudinel sectional "view through the doublewalled container.

The centrifuging muchir is illustrated 2.: consisting of a. shaft 1driven by bolt 2 from a. suitable source of power by passing uroundthepulle 3. The shaft '1 is in been ings land 5 and at its upper end it isproided with radial arms 6 having hooked c;- ticiuities "4" to receivethe truniuions 8 of the outer wali or container 9. The container l, isprovided with relatively thick walls withstand the centrifugal lore. andserving as reinforcing member {or t o0 inner wall or receptacle 10 whichcontains the blood serum. to be trezatcrh the receptacle LU beingprovided with a lid or cover 11.

.l't will be apparent that when the parts are assembled as shown in Fig,l and the centril. ing machine is operating, the memhers 9 will assumesubstantially lmrizontul positions due to the centrifugal force gemeluted and. that (lviihiinuting will who piece. After it suitable timethe inner wall or receptucle 10 may he removed and conveyed toustcrilizer. substitute rccepi'zucles being introduced into the members9 so that a substantially continuous operation may he meintaincd.

Nhst I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1.. A doubleWalled centrifugal separator container, the outer wall of which consistsotun outerreceptacle lu1.viug substantially thick walls, and the innerwall of which 7 consists of a receptacle having substantially thin wellsadapted to bulge under excessive pressure, the inner receptacleconforming suhstuutially throughout to the inner surface of the outerreceptacle with its outer surface in such proximity to the inner sur'face of the outer receptucle us to prevent peruuuuuu' distortion. of theinner receptacle. there being suf'iicient space between the inner andouter walls to prevent :ulhcsion under high centrifugal pressure. i

A. double walled ccutrit'ugul sepurutm contsiuer, the outer wall ofwhich consists of a substantially cylindriel outer inen'ihcr havingrelatively thick walls and provided with opposite trulini'ons forpirotally 'mouutiug the container'in centrifugal inucliine and the innerwall; of the said container consisting of areceptucle havingsubstentiolly thin Walls adapted to bulge under excessive pressure, theinner recerltecie conforming substantially throughout to the cylindricalouter member with its outer surface in such proximity to the innersurface of the hollow member as to prevent per mu ncnt distortion of theinner rccel'itucle, iI-llflil being sufficient space hetweerrtho innerand outer walls to prevent adhesion under high centrifugal pressure.

In 'tcstimon whereof I my signature.

*JLLIGT R. ALEXANDER.

